Although every manner of cosmetic product is available in this day and age, cosmetics were a little more rudimentary in Ancient Egypt, though used every bit as frequently. In fact, the Ancient Egyptians initially used cosmetics for practical purposes. Scented oils and ointments were used for cleaning, as water was scarce in the desert, and the fragrances often served to cover up body odor and soften skin that was hardened in the harsh sun. Perfumes were also employed during various religious ceremonies in Ancient Egypt. These perfumes were made from natural ingredients like lavender, lily, peppermint, sesame oil, rose, thyme, myrrh, rosemary, marjoram, cedar, aloe, and almond oil.
Fast forward a few thousand years, and although cosmetics were still largely used for their practicality their ornamental uses were being explored as well. Around 4000 BCE, women in Egypt would use a compound of copper and lead ore called galena mesdemet alongside a paste made of malachite as eye makeup. This makeup would help define the face and give the appearance of an almond shape around the eyes. The makeup was known as Kohl, and in addition to its decorative purposes it was believed that darkening the area around the eyes would help protect the eyes from the harmful rays of the sun. It was commonplace for women to bring their makeup to parties, often stored in small boxes that would be placed under their seats.
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